Chemistry is the study of pure science that deals with the physical or chemical properties, reactions, composition, and structure of atoms, ions, or molecules that interact with energy. During any chemical transformation, an atom or molecule of matter absorbed or emitted energy. Chemistry provides the properties and structure of atoms of the periodic table elements.
Physical, inorganic, organic, environmental, and analytical chemistry are the basic branches of chemistry for the different classes of study of properties, composition, structure, and chemical reactions in science.
What is Inorganic Chemistry?
Inorganic chemistry is the study of the properties, composition, reactions, and formation of inorganic compounds by different types of atoms of chemical elements.
In this part, we discuss the properties of chemical elements or compounds which is closely related to their electronic configuration. Orbital hybridization, molecular orbital theory, and crystal field theory have given a clear understanding of modern inorganic compounds.
Organic chemistry is the study of properties, composition, and chemical reactions of organic compounds coming mainly from living organisms. Simply, it is the chemistry of carbon compounds.
The definition included the compounds like carbon monoxide, carbon, carbon dioxide, carbonates, carbon disulfide, etc. But these compounds are usually studied in inorganic textbooks. Therefore, it is the study of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-related compounds.
The empirical formula in chemistry defines the relative number of each class of atom in the general molecular formula that helps with the calculation of the percentage composition or chemical structure of the molecule or compound.
Question: If 0.202 g of an organic compound gave combustion 0.361 g of carbon dioxide and 0.147 g of water. How to find the empirical formula of the compound in chemistry?
Answer: Weight of carbon in the said compound,
= (12/44) × 0.361 g
= 0.0985 g
Weight of the hydrogen
= (2/18) × 0.147 g
= 0.0163 g
Weight of oxygen,
= 0.202 − (0.0985 + 0.0163)
= 0.0872 g
Therefore, the ratio of the molar mass of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atom,
C : H : O = (0.0985/12) : (0.0163/1) : (0.0872/16)
= 3 : 5.98 : 2
From the above solution, the empirical formula of said organic compound is C3H6O2.
Molecular weight determination
The molecular formula provides the actual number of atoms present in each kind of molecule. It is obtained by multiplying the empirical formula by some whole number which is obtained from the consideration of the molecular weight of the compounds. In most cases, it is one.
The methods used for the determination of molecular weight are,
Physical chemistry is the study of general definitions, laws, principles, and mathematical equations, or formulas related to the atom or molecule of matter. Therefore, physical chemistry deals with the topics related to solids (amorphous and crystalline solid), gas (ideal and real gas, critical temperature), liquid, thermodynamics law of energy conservation, heat (molar or specific heat), chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, chemical catalyst, etc.
The study of physical chemistry is incomplete if the student confines himself only to the theoretical information, he must gain practical explanations of the theory, definition, problem, and solution.
Analytical Chemistry
Analytical chemistry is the study or analysis of the chemical formula, structure, or composition of the atom, molecule, or matter for chemical, forensic, medicinal, food science, or technology. However, modern analytical chemistry definitions help to identify general substances that function on composition, structure, and reaction analysis for different types of chemical substances.
The most challenging task for an analytical chemist is to explain what is the nature of analytical chemistry. It is an interdisciplinary branch of science where a large number of research works have contributed to its development.
All chromatographic studies were invented by biochemists or biological scientists, while methods of the electromagnetic spectrum and mass spectroscopy were discovered by physicists.
But if we close look, different types of research topics are published in different sets of science journals by using analytical chemistry methods. About 60% of such materials are published by persons who are not analytical chemists in the true sense.
What is Analytical Chemistry?
Analytical chemistry is the branch of science concerned with the analysis and determination of matter. Identification of substance, elucidation of its...
Oxidation number of periodic table elements
Oxidation number or state of periodic table elements in a chemical compound or molecule is the formal charges (positive...
Polarity of bonds and polar molecules
Polarity of bonds and polar molecules are formed by the asymmetric charge distribution on chemical bonds. Water, hydrogen chloride,...
